Patriotic Plants: The Mighty Oak

July 4th is upon us – the day we celebrate the birth of our nation. Looking back to 1776, trees and the lumber they provided were a critical natural resource, providing the raw material for shipbuilding. While modes of transportation have changed in the 247 years since our independence was declared, trees are still an important symbol of our nation’s strength and identity.  

Their ongoing importance was recognized in 2004 when Congress passed legislation designating the Oak as America’s National Tree. The Oak was selected by a vote hosted by the National Arbor Day Foundation, in which Americans of all ages and from all walks of life chose the Oak over 20 other varieties of tree to be our national symbol.  

There are more than 90 species of Quercus, the Latin name for Oak, growing in the United States. They have been an important part of our national history and folklore. Did you know that the USS Constitution took its nickname “Old Ironsides” from the strength of its oak hull? 

Today, oaks are recognized as playing a crucial role in the ecosystems of our world:  

• Oaks lead the list of trees in providing food for insects, birds and other animals.  
• They support almost 900 caterpillar species across the US, far more than the number supported by any other genus.  
• Birds forage longer in oaks because those caterpillars provide high value food, especially for baby birds.  
• Animals such as squirrels and Blue Jays find acorns a rich source of protein, fat, and carbohydrates. 
• Leaf litter provides habitat for many beneficial organisms, supporting a diversity and abundance of life. 
• An oak’s canopy and root system are important in water filtration, helping rain percolate instead of running off, and purifying it in the process.
• Oak trees sequester carbon.

 

So many reasons to celebrate our national tree on our nation’s birthday!